ANALYTICAL TEST PROCEDURE OF CALCIUM HYPOCHLORITE (BLEACHING POWDER)

 

MATERIAL NAME: CALCIUM HYPOCHLORITE (BLEACHING POWDER)
Molecular Formula: Ca(Ocl)Cl	Formula Weight of chlorine: 35.46	Equivalent Weight: 35.46 g

 

SL NO.	Test Parameters	Specification
1.	Physical State	White granular powder
2.	Identification	When 2 ml of acetic acid to 0.1 g of bleaching powder, gas is evolved & it dissolves. 5 ml of water is added then filtered. Ammonium oxalate solution ( 1 g in 30 ml of water) is added to the filtrate with HCl, white ppt is formed.
3.	Purity (%)	65% to 70 % as available chlorine

 

METHOD OF ASSAY ANALYSIS

1. 5 gm of sample is weighed accurately & mixed with 500 ml of water using a morter. 2. Transfer 25 ml 0f stock solution into a conical flask. 3. Add 2g KI+10ml glacial acetic acid. 4. Titrate with 0.1N Na2S2O3 using starch indicator until colorless solution is appeared.

 

CALCULATION OF ASSAY PERCENTAGE

Each ml of 0.1 N Na2S2O3 is equivalent to 3.546 mg of Cl2 Calculation(% available Cl2):  BR×0.003546gm×100/0.25

 

Precautions:

                          1. Standardize Na₂S₂O₃ Solution Before Titration.

                          2. Weighing Should Be Accurate

 

REFERENCE: USP29

ANALYTICAL TEST PROCEDURE OF SODIUM BENZOATE

 

MATERIAL NAME:  SODIUM  BENZOATE
Molecular Formula: C7H5NaO2	Formula Weight: 144.10	Equivalent Weight: 144.1

 

SL NO.	Test Parameters	Specification
1.	Physical State	White Crystalline or granular Powder
2.	Identification	1. When a solution of benzoate (1g in 20 ml of water) is acidified with dilute HCl, crystalline ppt is formed. 2. When FeCl3 solution is added to a neutral solution of benzoate (1g in 20 ml of water), reddish brown ppt is formed.
3.	Clarity	5 % W/W Solution Should Be Clear Compared With Existing Good One
4.	Loss on drying	NMT 2.0% w/w at 105°C for 15 minutes, use 1 g
5.	Assay (%)	99.0 % to 100.5 % as C6H8O7 calculated on anhydrous basis.

 

METHOD OF ASSAY ANALYSIS

1. Place About 0.6 g Of Accurately Weighed sample to a 250 ml conical flask. 2. Add 100 ml of glacial acetic acid & dissolve properly. 3. Add 2 drops of crystal violate TS. 3. Titrate With 0.1 N Perchloric acid VS untill  green color appeared. 4. Perform a blank titration .

 

CALCULATION OF ASSAY PERCENTAGE

Each ml Of 0.1 N  perchloric acid  Is Equivalent To 14.41 mg Of  C7H5NaO2

Precautions:

                            1. Standardize   Per chloric acid  Solution Before Titration.

                          2. Weighing Should Be Accurate

REFERENCE: USP-29

ANALYTICAL TEST PROCEDURE OF CITRIC ACID ANHYDROUS

 

MATERIAL NAME: CITRIC ACID ANHYDROUS
Molecular Formula: C6H8O7	Formula Weight: 192.13	Equivalent Weight: 64.03

 

SL NO.	Test Parameters	Specification
1.	Physical State	Colorless crystal or White Crystalline Powder
2.	Identification	A neutral solution of citric acid is boiled with HgSO4 TS (5 g in 80 ml of water), then filtered. Few drops of KMnO4 TS (10 g/l) is added to the filtrate, a white precipitate is formed.
3.	Clarity	10 % W/W Solution Should Be Clear Compared With Existing Good One
4.	Loss on drying	NMT 1.0% w/w at 105°C for 15 minutes, use 2 g
5.	Assay (%)	99.5 % to 100.5 % as C6H8O7 calculated on anhydrous basis.

 

METHOD OF ASSAY ANALYSIS

1. Place About 0.55 g Of Anhydrous Citric Acid In A Tarred Conical Flask &Weigh Accurately. 2. Dissolve In 50ml Of Water. 3. Add 0.5ml Of Phenolphthalein TS. 4. Titrate With 1N Sodium Hydroxide VS. 5. End Point Is Determined When Just Pink Color Appeared.

 

CALCULATION OF ASSAY PERCENTAGE

Each ml Of 1N Sodium Hydroxide Is Equivalent To 64.03 mg Of C6H8O7 Or BR × Normality Of NaOH ×Equivalent Weight Of Citric Acid(64.03)×100 Sample Weight×1000

 

Precautions:

1.         Standardize Sodium Hydroxide Solution Before Titration.

2.         Weighing Should Be Accurate

REFERENCE: USP-29

Standard Operating Procedure for Fire Safety in FMCG Industry (Example)

 Purpose:

The purpose of this standard operating procedure (SOP) is to outline the procedures and guidelines to be followed in the event of a fire in a Fast-Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG) industry. 

The SOP will provide the necessary information and instructions to prevent and minimize the risks of fire hazards and ensure the safety of personnel, property, and the environment.

Scope:

This SOP applies to all personnel working in the FMCG industry, including employees, contractors, and visitors.

Responsibility:

The management of the FMCG industry shall be responsible for ensuring that all personnel comply with the fire safety procedures outlined in this SOP.

Procedures:

Fire Prevention:

a. All electrical equipment shall be maintained in good condition and inspected regularly by authorized personnel.

b. Smoking is prohibited in all areas of the industry.

c. The storage of flammable materials shall be kept in designated storage areas.

d. Adequate ventilation shall be provided in all areas to prevent the buildup of flammable gases or vapors.

Emergency Preparedness:

a. All personnel shall be familiar with the location of fire exits, fire extinguishers, and other fire safety equipment.

b. A fire alarm system shall be installed and maintained in good working condition. It shall be tested regularly by authorized personnel.

c. Emergency evacuation procedures shall be posted and communicated to all personnel, and regular drills shall be conducted.

d. An emergency response team shall be designated and trained to respond to fire emergencies.

Firefighting:

a. In the event of a fire, the fire alarm shall be activated immediately, and the emergency response team shall be notified.

b. The area shall be evacuated immediately.

c. Firefighting equipment, such as fire extinguishers, shall be used to control the fire if it is safe to do so. Only trained personnel shall use firefighting equipment.

d. The fire brigade or emergency services shall be called if the fire cannot be controlled.

Post-Fire Procedures:

a. The fire brigade or emergency services shall be informed of the fire and its extent.

b. A thorough investigation shall be conducted to determine the cause of the fire.

c. The affected area shall be secured, and access shall be restricted until it is deemed safe to re-enter.

d. A report shall be prepared, detailing the cause of the fire, the extent of damage, and the corrective actions taken.

Conclusion:

The SOP for fire safety in FMCG industry outlines the procedures and guidelines to be followed in the event of a fire. Adherence to these procedures will ensure the safety of personnel, property, and the environment. All personnel shall be trained and familiar with the SOP to prevent and minimize the risks of fire hazards.

Boost productivity with better desktop performance

Improving desktop performance can be a complex task that depends on various factors such as the hardware configuration, operating system, and installed software. However, here are some general steps you can take to optimize your desktop performance:

Step 1: Update your operating system and drivers

• Make sure your operating system (e.g., Windows, macOS, Linux) is up to date with the latest patches and updates.
• Update your graphics card drivers and other device drivers to their latest versions. You can usually find driver updates on the manufacturer's website.

Step 2: Remove unnecessary startup programs

• Open the Task Manager (press Ctrl + Shift + Esc) and navigate to the "Startup" tab.
• Disable any programs that you don't need to start automatically with your computer. Right-click on the program and choose "Disable."

Step 3: Remove unnecessary software

• Uninstall any software programs that you no longer use or need. Go to the Control Panel (Windows) or Applications folder (macOS) to uninstall the software.

Step 4: Optimize your hard drive or SSD

• For traditional hard drives, run the built-in disk defragmentation tool (Windows) or optimize tool (macOS) to reorganize data on the disk for faster access.
• For solid-state drives (SSDs), enable TRIM support (if not already enabled) to improve performance and longevity. This is typically done automatically on modern operating systems.

Step 5: Adjust visual effects and settings

• On Windows, go to Control Panel > System > Advanced system settings > Performance Settings. Choose "Adjust for best performance" or manually disable specific visual effects.
• On macOS, go to System Preferences > Dock > uncheck "Animate opening applications."

Step 6: Increase virtual memory (Windows)

• Virtual memory, also known as the page file, helps manage system memory when RAM is running low. Adjusting its size can help improve performance.
• Go to Control Panel > System > Advanced system settings > Performance Settings > Advanced tab > Virtual memory. Adjust the size or let Windows manage it automatically.

Step 7: Scan for malware and viruses

• Run a full system scan using an updated antivirus or anti-malware software to ensure your system is free from any malicious programs.

Step 8: Restart your computer regularly

• Restarting your computer can help clear temporary files, free up system resources, and resolve any software conflicts that may be affecting performance.

Please note that these steps provide general guidelines and may not address specific performance issues related to your desktop setup. It's always a good idea to consult official documentation or seek assistance from a technical expert if you encounter persistent performance problems.